US stocks rose on Wednesday as investors digested a stronger-than-expected inflation data and a surprise drop in January retail sales, which shifted the focus from rising inflation to the prospect of stagflation.
The Labor Department's core Consumer Price Index, which excludes the volatile food and energy components, increased 0.3 per cent in January, while economists polled by Reuters had forecast an increase of 0.2 per cent. However, the year-on-year rise was unchanged at 1.8 per cent.
The data again raised the specter of rising inflation and rekindled fears that the Federal Reserve could be forced to be more aggressive with interest rate increases.
However, data showed US retail sales fell 0.3 per cent last month, the biggest decline in nearly a year and in sharp contrast to economists' estimates for a 0.2 per cent increase.
US stock futures fell more than 1 per cent after the data was released at 8:30 a.m. ET. An hour later, the stock market opened a third of a per cent lower and has slowly pared losses since.
"The initial reactions were amplified. We took a big dive in equity markets and now, as we digest the numbers a little bit further, people are starting to calm down," said Jim Smigiel, head and chief investment officer of Absolute Return Strategies at SEI Investments in Philadelphia.
"The number suggests the notion of stagflation, higher-than-expected inflation numbers and weaker-than-expected consumption which is a negative growth in the United States. That's not the narrative that the plethora of data really supports."
By 12:28 p.m. ET (1728 GMT), the Dow Jones Industrial Average gained 0.14 per cent to 24,674.96, the S&P 500 rose 0.53 per cent, to 2,677.07 and the Nasdaq Composite was up nearly 1 per cent at 7,080.24.
"I think the market is trying to find a bottom here. The market is not looking for any serious downleg from where we are today," Smigiel added.
Benchmark US 10-year Treasury yields were near their session highs at 2.8894 per cent, but a key measure of near-term volatility fell, in contrast to its reaction to strong US jobs and wages data earlier in the month.
The CBOE Volatility index was down at 20.27 points, slipping below 20 for the first time since Feb. 5 and well below the 50-point mark it hit during last week's sell-off.
The VIX slipping below 20 is "a very good sign", said Bucky Hellwig, senior vice president at BB&T Wealth Management. "It shows the volatility is getting priced out of the market."
Six of the 11 major S&P 500 sectors were higher. The losers included the typically defensive sectors: consumer staples , utilities and real estate.
Among stocks, Fossil surged more than 60 per cent after the watchmaker's strong holiday-quarter sales and a rush among short-sellers to cover their positions.
Chipotle jumped about 14 per cent after it hired Brian Niccol from Taco Bell as its next chief executive, which analysts said sparked hopes of a quicker turnaround.
Advancing issues outnumbered decliners on the NYSE by 1,812 to 1,048. On the Nasdaq, 2,027 issues rose and 839 fell.
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