{"id":85348,"date":"2018-07-11T04:45:48","date_gmt":"2018-07-11T04:45:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bnreport.com\/long-necked-dinosaurs-grew-to-be-giants-in-more-ways-than-one\/"},"modified":"2018-07-11T04:45:48","modified_gmt":"2018-07-11T04:45:48","slug":"long-necked-dinosaurs-grew-to-be-giants-in-more-ways-than-one","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bnreport.com\/en\/long-necked-dinosaurs-grew-to-be-giants-in-more-ways-than-one\/","title":{"rendered":"Long-necked dinosaurs grew to be giants in more ways than one"},"content":{"rendered":"

For sauropods \u2014 the largest animals known to have walked on Earth \u2014 there may have been more than one way to get gigantic.<\/p>\n

Most early relatives of the herbivorous dinosaurs have a suite of features once thought to be the essential blueprint for gigantism, such as sturdy pillarlike legs, elongated necks and forelimbs, and bones that grew continuously rather than in seasonal spurts. But an analysis of fossils of sauropodomorphs \u2014 a group that includes sauropods and some ancestors and similarly shaped relatives \u2014 suggests that some of the dinos may have had a different strategy for becoming behemoths<\/a>, researchers report online July 9 in Nature Ecology and Evolution<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Paleontologist Cecilia Apaldetti of the Universidad Nacional de San Juan in Argentina and colleagues examined four sauropodomorphs, including one newly identified species that the team dubbed Ingentia prima<\/em> and three already known specimens of a sauropodomorph called Lessemsaurus sauropoides<\/em>. Dating to the Late Triassic, between 237 million and 201 million years ago, these \u201cLessemsauridae\u201d were far from puny: The animals weighed in at an estimated 7 to 10 metric tons, larger than an African elephant.<\/p>\n

All four specimens showed a combination of features that was distinct from sauropods as well as from other sauropodomorphs. Instead of upright, pillarlike legs, the dinos had crouched hind limbs and flexed front limbs, with elbows splayed slightly outward. Patterns of bone growth in the fossils also suggest that the animals grew in cyclical spurts rather than continuously. However, their bone growth was extremely rapid, a feature unique to this group, Apaldetti says. \u201cThey grew in a cyclical but extremely accelerated growth, at a speed even higher than that of the giants that grew continuously.\u201d<\/p>\n

Like later sauropods, I. prima<\/em> and L. sauropoides<\/em> also appear to have had a birdlike respiratory system, the researchers found. Air sacs within the animals vertebrae provided large reserves of oxygenated air, helped keep their bodies cool despite their large size, and lightened the weight of their vertebrae.<\/p>\n

Martin Sander, a vertebrate paleontologist at Universit\u00e4t-Bonn in Germany, says that I. prima<\/em> presents the best proof yet that these sauropodomorphs had this birdlike respiratory system, a fact that wasnt previously determined. However, he says he is not convinced that the Lessemsauridae were on a separate track toward gigantism. \u201cFor me, its more of an intermediate stage,\u201d Sander says.<\/p>\n

That sentiment is echoed by Jeffrey Wilson, a vertebrate paleontologist at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. Lessemsauridae bone growth was cyclical, but that doesnt necessarily mean the cycles were seasonal; there may have been long time lags in between growth spurts, part of a transition to more sauropod-like growth patterns, Wilson says. \u201cOne of the things I think future work will do is help resolve the ambiguity over whether the Lessemsauridae were taking their own adventure into gigantism.\u201d<\/p>\n

The Lessemsauridae may have developed their growth strategy some 30 million years earlier than Jurassic sauropods, such as Brachiosaurus<\/em> and Diplodocus<\/em>, Apaldetti notes. But ultimately, the Jurassic giants \u201cwere more successful,\u201d she says \u2014 they outweighed the sauropodomorphs by as much as 60 tons, and outlasted them by tens of millions of years.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/strong> <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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