{"id":68297,"date":"2018-03-14T11:00:12","date_gmt":"2018-03-14T11:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bnreport.com\/facebooks-refusal-to-share-data-undermines-global-response-to-fake-news-2\/"},"modified":"2018-03-14T11:00:12","modified_gmt":"2018-03-14T11:00:12","slug":"facebooks-refusal-to-share-data-undermines-global-response-to-fake-news-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bnreport.com\/en\/facebooks-refusal-to-share-data-undermines-global-response-to-fake-news-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Facebook\u2019s refusal to share data undermines global response to fake news"},"content":{"rendered":"

LONDON \u2014 For a social network that boasts about how much its 2.2 billion users swap photos, videos and messages online, Facebook isn\u2019t a big fan of sharing.<\/p>\n

And that\u2019s becoming a serious problem.<\/p>\n

The company refuses to give researchers, academics and journalists access to data it collects on people\u2019s individual Facebook pages. That makes it almost impossible to track, analyze and predict how waves of online misinformation \u2014 last week\u2019s Italian election again showed how such fake news could circulate<\/a> rapidly among voters \u2014 are spread on the world\u2019s largest social network.<\/p>\n

By failing to open its digital doors, Facebook is doing itself, and the wider public, a disservice.<\/p>\n

Disinformation, spread by homegrown activists and foreign actors, is now part of almost every country\u2019s election cycle. And without a full understanding of what is posted and circulated on the social networking giant, policymakers in Brussels, London and Washington are left fighting blind when figuring out how best to tackle online misinformation just as people\u2019s trust in what they read online has hit an all-time low.<\/p>\n

\n

Without access to Facebook\u2019s private data, fake-news researchers must rely on imperfect proxies<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

It\u2019s about transparency \u2014 and Facebook\u2019s lack of it.<\/p>\n

\u201cRight now, we don\u2019t know anything that goes on inside Facebook,\u201d said Alexandre Alaphilippe, co-founder of the EU DisinfoLab<\/a>, a Brussels-based nonprofit organization that tracked the spread of fake news during the recent French and Italian elections. \u201cAll of this content is concentrated in a private black box.\u201d<\/p>\n

Facebook rejects claims that it\u2019s not doing its part in tackling fake news. The company says its strict privacy rules (arguably based on past painful run-ins<\/a> with European data protection watchdogs) mean that it can\u2019t just hand over people\u2019s data to any researcher or journalist that asks for it.<\/p>\n

The social media company also said it was working<\/a> with some researchers on projects that use anonymized data, even if it has balked at providing one-off access to other academics, according to several people who have asked for it.<\/p>\n

\n

Without such independent research, countries\u2019 lawmakers must rely on the company\u2019s own analysis about what type of misinformation is spreading in this no-go zone<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Facebook officials cite fears that sharing private data would create a precedent in which others (read: government agencies or unfriendly private actors) could also come calling.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe want to work with the academic community to continue to understand the impact of our platform while making sure we are protecting people\u2019s privacy,\u201d Lena Pietsch, a Facebook spokeswoman, said in a statement.<\/p>\n

But privacy concerns are an imperfect excuse. What researchers are looking for aren\u2019t the names, likes and birthdays of Facebook users. Instead, they\u2019re asking for anonymous datasets to analyze trends about how online content is produced and shared among groups of Facebook users \u2014 something that so-called data-brokers, or companies that sell users\u2019 digital data, already get through existing commercial agreements with the social network.<\/p>\n

Currently, Facebook allows outside groups to analyze data from so-called \u2018public\u2019 pages<\/a> \u2014 those created by politicians, brands and companies to share posts on the platform, which can, by default, be read by anyone online.<\/p>\n

But it offers no access to anonymized data for individuals\u2019 \u201cprivate\u201d Facebook pages (the ones that you and I use to stay in touch with friends and family), which \u2014 importantly \u2014 represent the lion\u2019s share of online activity where most of the misinformation is created and shared.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere\u2019s a fundamental tension here, but we need greater transparency to shed a light on what Facebook\u2019s algorithms do,\u201d said Dipayan Ghosh, a former Facebook privacy adviser, who has become a staunch critic of the company while working<\/a> at New America, a think tank in Washington, DC.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg in Menlo Park, California<\/p>\n

Without access to Facebook\u2019s private data, fake-news researchers must rely on imperfect proxies, including other social media sites, to garner any insight into how misinformation is spread on Facebook\u2019s network. Many, including the Atlantic Council\u2019s Digital Forensic Research Lab<\/a>, rely on Twitter, mostly because people\u2019s posts on that platform are almost always open to the wider world.<\/p>\n

That makes sense in the United States, where 68 million Americans<\/a> (or 20 percent of the population) regularly tweet. But outside the U.S., such a reliance on Twitter (whose international reach is marginal, at best) can skew results and miss important trends in how fake news is circulated.<\/p>\n

What happened in Italy<\/h3>\n

Take last week\u2019s Italian election.<\/p>\n

Facebook has roughly 25 million users in the country, while Twitter has less than 2 million, according to industry estimates. When a false report about potential ballot tampering in Sicily started to spread online on voting day, Twitter users retweeted the misinformation roughly 1,000 times, according to an analysis<\/a> by EU DisinfoLab.<\/p>\n

Yet on Facebook, the same story was shared more than 18,000 times \u2014 and that\u2019s only on public Facebook pages. How that misinformation spread within Facebook users\u2019 private pages (and, notably, who helped to circulate it) remains unknown.<\/p>\n

The same story has played out again and again across multiple elections, from the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign to last September\u2019s nationwide vote in Germany. Researchers are left scrambling to use unwieldy Twitter data or proxy Facebook public statistics to gauge what was happening on people\u2019s private pages.<\/p>\n

\n

A start would be for Facebook to offer public interest access to all of its data to verified researchers.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Without such independent research, countries\u2019 lawmakers must rely on the company\u2019s own analysis about what type of misinformation is spreading in this no-go zone.<\/p>\n

Last year, for instance, the social networking giant eventually told U.S. politicians that roughly 126 million people may have seen<\/a> Russian-linked posts ahead of the 2016 election, or a more than ten-fold increase on Facebook\u2019s initial estimates. In the United Kingdom, Facebook also said that Kremlin-backed groups spent less than \u00a31<\/a> on digital advertising connected to the country\u2019s 2016 referendum to leave the European Union \u2014 a figure that local lawmakers derided as laughably small.<\/p>\n

\u201cThey could be doing things more useful to explain how the platform is used in campaigns,\u201d said Sam Jeffers, co-founder of WhoTargetsMe<\/a>, a British nonprofit organization that relies on people downloading software onto their computers so the group can track political advertising on individuals\u2019 private Facebook pages. \u201cWe want to give people more transparency over the types of political messages that they\u2019re seeing.\u201d<\/p>\n

A start would be for Facebook to offer public interest access to all of its data to verified researchers.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

An employee walks past a Facebook logo at the company\u2019s new headquarters in London | Daniel Leal-Olivas\/AFP via Getty Images<\/p>\n

Such tools, known in the industry as \u201cAPIs,\u201d already exist for the social network\u2019s public pages. It wouldn\u2019t take much to provide anonymized data on online disinformation so that academics and policymakers can get a handle on what really is going on within Facebook\u2019s ever-expanding universe.<\/p>\n

So far, the social networking giant has opposed such steps. But if it continues to put up digital roadblocks, Facebook may soon find that countries\u2019 lawmakers \u2014 many of whom have been the target of fake news campaigns \u2014 will take action into their own hands, forcing the company to cough up the data or face the regulatory consequences.<\/p>\n

If that happens, Facebook will only have itself to blame.<\/p>\n

Mark Scott is chief technology correspondent at <\/em>POLITICO.<\/em><\/p>\n

Original Article<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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