{"id":27979,"date":"2017-12-07T19:22:07","date_gmt":"2017-12-07T19:22:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bnreport.com\/researchers-find-oldest-ever-eye-in-fossil\/"},"modified":"2017-12-07T19:22:07","modified_gmt":"2017-12-07T19:22:07","slug":"researchers-find-oldest-ever-eye-in-fossil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bnreport.com\/en\/researchers-find-oldest-ever-eye-in-fossil\/","title":{"rendered":"Researchers find ‘oldest ever eye’ in fossil"},"content":{"rendered":"

An "exceptional" 530-million-year-old fossil contains what could be the oldest eye ever discovered, according to scientists.<\/p>\n

The remains of the extinct sea creature include an early form of the eye seen in many of today's animals, including crabs, bees and dragonflies.<\/p>\n

Scientists made the find while looking at the well-preserved trilobite fossil.<\/p>\n

These ancestors of spiders and crabs lived in seas during the Palaeozoic era, between 541-251 million years ago.<\/p>\n

They found the ancient creature had a primitive form of compound eye, an optical organ that consists of arrays of tiny visual cells, called ommatidia, similar to those of present-day bees.<\/p>\n

The team, which included a researcher from Edinburgh University, said their findings suggested that compound eyes had changed little over 500 million years.<\/p>\n

Prof Euan Clarkson, of Edinburgh University's school of geosciences, said: "This exceptional fossil shows us how early animals saw the world around them hundreds of millions of years ago.<\/p>\n

"Remarkably, it also reveals that the structure and function of compound eyes has barely changed in half a billion years."<\/p>\n

The right eye of the fossil, which was unearthed in Estonia, was partly worn away, giving researchers a clear view inside the organ.<\/p>\n

This revealed details of the eye's structure and function, and how it differs from modern compound eyes.<\/p>\n

The species had poor vision compared with many animals today but it could identify predators and obstacles in its path, researchers believe.<\/p>\n

Its eye consists of approximately 100 ommatidia, which are situated relatively far apart compared to contemporary compounds eyes, the team have found.<\/p>\n

No lens<\/h2>\n

Unlike modern compound eyes, the fossil's eye does not have a lens.<\/p>\n

The team believe this is likely to be because the primitive species, called Schmidtiellus reetae, lacked parts of the shell needed for lens formation.<\/p>\n

Prof Brigitte Schoenemann, of Cologne University, who was also involved in the study, said: "This may be the earliest example of an eye that it is possible to find.<\/p>\n

"Older specimens in sediment layers below this fossil contain only traces of the original animals, which were too soft to be fossilised and have disintegrated over time."<\/p>\n

The team also revealed that only a few million years later, improved compound eyes with higher resolution developed in another trilobite species from the present-day Baltic region.<\/p>\n

The study is published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.<\/a><\/p>\n

It was carried out in collaboration with the University of Cologne and Tallinn University of Technology in Estonia.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/strong> <\/a><\/p>\n

Original Article<\/a><\/p>\n

[contf] [contfnew] <\/p>\n

BBC<\/a><\/h5>\n

[contfnewc] [contfnewc]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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