{"id":142620,"date":"2020-03-15T06:30:16","date_gmt":"2020-03-15T06:30:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bnreport.com\/brussels-considers-pan-eu-police-searches-of-id-photos\/"},"modified":"2020-03-15T06:30:16","modified_gmt":"2020-03-15T06:30:16","slug":"brussels-considers-pan-eu-police-searches-of-id-photos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bnreport.com\/en\/brussels-considers-pan-eu-police-searches-of-id-photos\/","title":{"rendered":"Brussels considers pan-EU police searches of ID photos"},"content":{"rendered":"

This article is part of a special report on artificial intelligence, The AI Issue<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Ready for your closeup? Your face could soon be included in police databases searchable by law enforcement across the European Union.<\/p>\n

The Council of the EU has been advised to include photos of the Continents residents in a network of databases that could be searched by police using facial recognition software, according to an internal report<\/a> circulated by the Austrian government and obtained by POLITICO.<\/p>\n

These photos could include pictures culled from drivers licenses and passports, if another recommendation<\/a> obtained by POLITICO and circulated by the Finnish presidency of the Council last year were to be adopted.<\/p>\n

The recommendations were made by focus groups comprising of representatives of EU countries and tasked by the Council with coming up with ways to improve an existing system, called the Pr\u00fcm network, that police already use to share information across borders.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe will never be anonymous again\u201d \u2014 Jan Penfrat, senior policy adviser at European Digital Rights<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Currently, Pr\u00fcm requires all EU member countries to interconnect their fingerprint, DNA and vehicle registration databases for mutual searching \u2014 but it does not yet include facial imagery.<\/p>\n

The proposals, if realized, would allow a police officer in one country to feed a picture into the Pr\u00fcm network, and compare it to millions of faces in every other member countrys databases. Were the system to detect a match, police officers would have to approve any further exchange of data, like names or addresses.<\/p>\n

The report on facial recognition emphasizes that national laws should continue to govern the storage and use of images. Brussels would only set the rules for cross-border searches.<\/p>\n

Reinhard Schmid, a senior official with the Austrian criminal intelligence service who is participating in the Pr\u00fcm discussions on behalf of Vienna, said the system has been \u201cthe most successful tool we have in criminal investigation,\u201d and \u201cthe most important tool that we have to identify international criminality.\u201d<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Image via iStock<\/p>\n

He noted that the Austrian state holds vast numbers of facial images \u2014 for example, from drivers licenses \u2014 but currently, police can only search criminal photo databases.<\/p>\n

Privacy advocates worry Pr\u00fcms expansion into facial recognition would be ripe for abuse.<\/p>\n

\u201cIn many places in the EU today, facial images are almost ubiquitously taken by surveillance cameras in public spaces,\u201d said Jan Penfrat, senior policy adviser at European Digital Rights, a privacy advocate. \u201cOnce our facial images have been analyzed and digitized by facial recognition software, automated systems across the EU will be able to recognize us wherever we go. We will never be anonymous again.\u201d<\/p>\n

Starting Small<\/strong><\/h3>\n

The first effort to combine police biometric databases in the EU was in 2005, through a convention signed by seven member countries in the small German town of Pr\u00fcm. The resulting Pr\u00fcm network interconnected the DNA, fingerprint and vehicle registration databases of the seven signatory states. In 2008 the convention became EU law, extending the same obligations to all member countries.<\/p>\n

Since then, national biometric databases have grown extensively. Internal police data on DNA databases provided to the Council of the EU, reviewed by POLITICO, show some striking increases. In 2013, the French database held over 2.2 million samples, coming either from known individuals \u2014 such as those arrested and convicted \u2014 or from \u201cstains\u201d found at crime scenes. Five years later, that database had more than doubled in size. DNA databases in the Czech Republic, Spain, Hungary, Poland and Romania, while not as large, have grown at a similar rate.<\/p>\n

Despite the rapid expansion of these data banks, the exchange of biometric data among European police forces has faced significant legal, technical and procedural hurdles. After the Pr\u00fcm legislation came into force in 2008, police found they had issues using biometric data from other countries in court, explained Carole McCartney, a law professor at the University of Northumbria, in Newcastle. In 2009, further EU legislation was introduced to ensure that all EU forensic science laboratories meet the same standards.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Image via iStock<\/p>\n

The reports recommending the addition of facial imagery are part of a process involving the Commission, the Council and EU member countries that is looking at expanding the Pr\u00fcm system. The report circulated by Austria addresses the inclusion of facial recognition in the network. The one distributed by the Finnish presidency suggests ways to improve the sharing of vehicle registration and drivers license data, including photographs.<\/p>\n

Other focus groups are looking at ways to improve the handling of fingerprints<\/a> and DNA<\/a> data.<\/p>\n

The findings have been discussed<\/a>in the Councils Working Party on Information Exchange and Data Protection (DAPIX), a group that handles legislation and policies on the exchange and protection of personal data in the field of law enforcement.<\/p>\n

Facial flaws<\/strong><\/h3>\n

The expansion of Pr\u00fcm into facial imagery has been criticized by privacy advocates and experts skeptical of the system.<\/p>\n

Facial recognition technology is particularly prone to confuse the faces of women and people of color, raising concerns over gender bias and racial discrimination. The focus group on facial recognition argued against including a quality standard for imagery, however, and suggested that data from surveillance cameras, which often capture blurry or incomplete facial portraits, be included.<\/p>\n

\u201cSince the main objective of the cooperation will be the identification of unknown persons on the basis of mostly poor data quality search images, searches in the reference databases of the Pr\u00fcm partners must be possible with poor image quality,\u201d the report states, adding that the system \u201cshould be allowed to transmit and process very poor trace image qualities to carry out comparisons.\u201d<\/p>\n

The proposal is \u201ca dystopian horror story\u201d that \u201cwould create a completely incoherent legal landscape within the EU,\u201d said Cornelia Ernst, an MEP with the left-wing GUE\/NGL group. \u201cAt the end of the day, it would be full of loopholes. Protection levels would be severely undermined, and data quality nearly unmeasurable.\u201d<\/p>\n

Some experts say it is difficult to gauge Pr\u00fcms effectiveness. The EU does not release overall statistics about the number of cases solved under Pr\u00fcm, or the amount of searches made that result in false positives.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Image via iStock<\/p>\n

\u201cTheres hardly any statistical information about the number of exchanges, the number of matches, the number of matches being followed up by local police authorities,\u201d said Victor Toom, a forensic science specialist who has studied the field for over 15 years. \u201cIf theres one thing that the Pr\u00fcm system is not, its transparent. And if it lacks transparency how can it be accountable?\u201d<\/p>\n

Rafaela Granja, a sociologist at the University of Minho in Portugal who studies the transnational sharing of DNA data, said that even if systems are improved, the Pr\u00fcm network itself doesnt have sufficient oversight mechanisms.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe have no way of actually assessing if this system is indeed contributing to international crime-fighting,\u201d said Granja. \u201cProfessionals working with it say it has a positive impact, but it cannot be measured with the data available. Unless you solve some of the very prominent issues that we have in the system as it is now, I would argue against expanding it.\u201d<\/p>\n

Still, law enforcement officials are convinced of the systems benefits. A spokesperson from the Spanish interior ministry said that the expansion of Pr\u00fcm to handle facial recognition data, the addition of drivers license and passport photos and the creation of a centralized EU database would all be \u201can improvement\u201d on the current system.<\/p>\n

In Germany, the federal criminal police agree. \u201cThe Pr\u00fcm network has proven its efficiency today with fingerprint, DNA and vehicle registration data,\u201d said Daniil Kushnerovich, a police spokesperson. \u201cIt is now time to expand the mechanisms to other kinds of data, like facial images. [We] therefore strongly support the EU Commissions plans to revise the legal and the technical basis for Pr\u00fcm.\u201d<\/p>\n

PRead More \u2013 Source<\/a> [contf] [contfnew] <\/p>\n
politico<\/a><\/h5>\n

[contfnewc] [contfnewc] <\/strong><\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This article is part of a special report on artificial intel..<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":142621,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[50],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-142620","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tech"],"yoast_head":"\nBrussels considers pan-EU police searches of ID photos - Business News Report<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This article is part of a special report on artificial intel..\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bnreport.com\/en\/brussels-considers-pan-eu-police-searches-of-id-photos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Brussels considers pan-EU police searches of ID photos - 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