{"id":142046,"date":"2020-02-22T14:50:21","date_gmt":"2020-02-22T14:50:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bnreport.com\/the-man-behind-the-global-struggle-to-create-digital-taxes\/"},"modified":"2020-02-22T14:50:21","modified_gmt":"2020-02-22T14:50:21","slug":"the-man-behind-the-global-struggle-to-create-digital-taxes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bnreport.com\/en\/the-man-behind-the-global-struggle-to-create-digital-taxes\/","title":{"rendered":"The man behind the global struggle to create digital taxes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Hes no Tom Cruise, but Pascal Saint-Amans is signed up for a Mission Impossible.<\/p>\n<p>Amid a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/how-the-us-made-france-blink-on-digital-tax-bruno-le-maire-donald-trump-emmanuel-macron-google-facebook-tariffs\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">stand-off between the United States and France<\/a> over how to tax companies like Google and Facebook, the Frenchman \u2014 who heads the tax policy center at the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in Paris \u2014 has been given less than a year to hammer out a global deal on digital tax.<\/p>\n<p>If he fails, an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/digital-tax-taxation-oecd-france-united-states-bruno-le-maire-facebook-amazon-apple-google\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">all-out trade war<\/a> could ensue.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTheres no plan B,\u201d said Saint-Amans, while tucking into a Caesar salad earlier this week in Brussels during a break between meetings at the European Commission, the European Parliament and local think tanks.<\/p>\n<p>His next destination: a two-day meeting of <a href=\"https:\/\/g20.org\/en\/Pages\/home.aspx\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">G20 finance ministers and central bankers<\/a> starting Saturday in Saudi Arabia, the latest attempt to rally support for a global deal. They are expected to give their backing for his work.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p> If Europe, the U.S. and much of the world cant agree on new rules by December, a raft of countries including Austria, France, Italy and Spain will restart their own domestic digital tax plans<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u201cThere is a Plan C \u2014 for chaos,\u201d he added. \u201cAnd I believe that.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Its a well-rehearsed line. But the 50-year-old OECD official is not wrong about the high stakes.<\/p>\n<p>If Europe, the U.S. and much of the world cant agree on new rules by December, a raft of countries including Austria, France, Italy and Spain will restart their own domestic digital tax plans, forcing mostly American tech giants to cough up billions, collectively, in extra revenue each year.<\/p>\n<p>Washington, in return, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/us-threatens-tariffs-on-2-4b-french-cheeses-other-goods-in-tax-dispute\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">has threatened to levy billions of dollars in retaliatory tariffs<\/a>, targeting the likes of French cheesemakers and Champagne producers to stop what U.S. officials view as international efforts to pocket money owed to American taxpayers. If other countries follow Frances lead and Washington retaliates against each of them, a domino effect could ensue that may stall the global economy.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/GettyImages-1200825296-714x476.jpg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Google is one of the companies causing many tax headaches | Kenzo Tribouillard\/AFP via Getty Images<\/p>\n<p>After last-minute talks in Davos earlier this year, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/how-the-us-made-france-blink-on-digital-tax-bruno-le-maire-donald-trump-emmanuel-macron-google-facebook-tariffs\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">global leaders eventually backed down<\/a>, postponing any action \u2014 either domestic digital taxes or retaliatory tariffs \u2014 until early 2021, at the earliest. The U.S. presidential election in November may still throw a last-minute spanner into the already tense negotiations.<\/p>\n<p>Still, governments across Europe, the United States and elsewhere have pinned all their hopes on the OECD, a group of mostly-rich countries, doing what years of negotiations have yet to achieve: reach a global agreement to revamp the worlds tax rules for the digital age.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cLets say we are reasonably confident the international process will deliver,\u201d said Benjamin Angel, a director in the Commissions tax department. But \u201cif the OECD process fails and it proves to be impossible to reach an agreement at international level, the Commission will table an initiative for EU action.\u201d<\/p>\n<h3>Focus on the OECD<\/h3>\n<p>At the center of this maelstrom stands <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/ctp\/pascal-saint-amans.htm\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Saint-Amans<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>A former French finance official who has spent much of his career in the depths of wonkish tax policy, he is the closest thing to a referee that countries have in determining what the future rules should be, which companies should be included in the new regime, and how governments can resolve disputes when they inevitably bicker.<\/p>\n<p>The OECD has a track record of banging heads together. It <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/tax\/beps\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">successfully reworked global tax rules<\/a> to stop companies shifting much of their profits, often through opaque shell companies and complex corporate structures, to low-tax havens like Bermuda and Barbados. <\/p>\n<blockquote><p> Under Saint-Amans guidance, the OECD forged ahead with plans to overhaul tax rules again at the end of 2019 after almost three years of tense negotiations<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u201cThat was a sea change in how multinationals should be taxed,\u201d said <a href=\"http:\/\/www.capdale.com\/carmitage\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Clark Armitage<\/a>, president of law firm Caplin &amp; Drysdale and a former senior official at the U.S. Internal Revenue Service, in Washington. \u201cBut what theyre trying to do now is bigger than any of that. Itll change the fundamental rules of how the global tax regime operates.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Under Saint-Amans guidance, the OECD forged ahead with plans to overhaul tax rules again at the end of 2019 after almost three years of tense negotiations. The new push <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/pro\/oecd-digital-tax-proposals-facebook-google-amazon-trump-macron\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">included suggestions<\/a> that some of the profits generated by tech firms globally should be shared with countries worldwide and that a minimum global corporate tax rate should be created that all companies must pay, no matter where they operate.<\/p>\n<p>In OECD offices in Paris and other capitals around the globe, a handful of senior officials from the groups member countries, including Chip Harter, the U.S. Treasurys deputy assistant secretary, and Gael Perraud, a senior tax policy official at Frances Ministry of Finance, have steered the negotiations. <\/p>\n<p>The goal: figuring out the details so that global leaders can agree to a new regime by July or, at the latest, December.<\/p>\n<p> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/GettyImages-1200332367-714x476.jpg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Steven Mnuchin | Brendan Smialowski\/AFP via Getty Images<\/p>\n<p>Those who have worked with Saint-Amans say hes ambitious, engaging and politically astute.<\/p>\n<p>Some U.S. officials were initially skeptical of his motivations because of his background at the French finance ministry. But Saint-Amans ability to get previous tax reforms through the OECD, often contrary to what some EU countries had wanted, won him grudging respect in Washington. <\/p>\n<p>\u201cIm encouraged by the progress that has been made at the OECD to reach a multilateral global tax agreement on the digital economy,\u201d Chuck Grassley, who chairs the U.S. Senates Committee on Finance, said in a statement.<\/p>\n<p>Some EU government officials, though, arent sure that Saint-Amans can deliver a workable solution in time to avoid an all-out trade war. A U.S. policymaker openly questioned if he had bitten off more than he could chew with the current negotiations.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p> Saint-Amans spent weeks hopping between capitals in Europe and Asia \u2014 often only staying for a matter of hours \u2014 to shore up support when the negotiations were on the brink<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u201cIts really, really complicated,\u201d said one EU official who spoke on the condition of anonymity given the high political stakes surrounding OECD negotiations. \u201cIts like choosing between the plague and cholera.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Saint-Amans is doing what he can to keep the talks going.<\/p>\n<p>After Steven Mnuchin, the U.S. Treasury secretary, surprised most participants in December when <\/p>\n<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">politico<\/a><\/h5>\n<p>[contfnewc] [contfnewc]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hes no Tom Cruise, but Pascal Saint-Amans is signed up for a..<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":142047,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[50],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-142046","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tech"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - 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