{"id":12694,"date":"2017-10-21T17:53:18","date_gmt":"2017-10-21T17:53:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bnreport.com\/co%e2%82%82-benefits-of-regrowing-forests-nothing-to-shake-a-stick-at\/"},"modified":"2017-10-21T17:53:19","modified_gmt":"2017-10-21T17:53:19","slug":"co%e2%82%82-benefits-of-regrowing-forests-nothing-to-shake-a-stick-at","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bnreport.com\/en\/co%e2%82%82-benefits-of-regrowing-forests-nothing-to-shake-a-stick-at\/","title":{"rendered":"CO\u2082 benefits of regrowing forests nothing to shake a stick at"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n
Enlarge<\/a>Patrick Shepherd\/CIFOR<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

It\u2019s a common suggestion that we should just plant trees to suck CO2 out of the atmosphere, but this isn\u2019t quite the solution it may seem. Reforestation would roughly make up for the carbon added to the atmosphere by past<\/em> deforestation, but our burning of fossil fuels is another matter.<\/p>\n

Still, that\u2019s no argument to ignore reforestation. There is no silver bullet solution to climate change, and many things like reforestation add up to make meaningful contributions. And reforestation has a host of other benefits, including improving air quality and providing species with habitats.<\/p>\n

So how much of a difference could efforts to save and regrow forests\u2014together with conservation of other ecosystems\u2014really do? That\u2019s the question asked by a group led by Bronson Griscom, an ecologist at The Nature Conservancy<\/a>. By including a broad set of possible reforestation actions, Griscom and his colleagues found a larger opportunity than we'd previously estimated.<\/p>\n

How much forest can we afford?<\/h2>\n

Currently, land ecosystems (and human activities affecting them) are responsible for emitting the equivalent of about 1.5 billion tons of CO2 each year. (For comparison, total human-caused emissions are around 48 billion tons each year.) This is the balance of about 11 billion tons of emissions (caused by things like deforestation and agricultural practices) and the 9.5 billion tons of our CO\u00ad2 emissions that land ecosystems helpfully soak up. It\u2019s possible to change both of those numbers so that land ecosystems remove more CO2 from the atmosphere than they add.<\/p>\n

Changing those numbers, however, could run into a number of logistical issues if doing so interferes with competing land uses. For example, reforestation efforts can\u2019t reclaim so much agricultural land that we can\u2019t feed the world\u2019s still-growing human population. And high costs for particular conservation strategies could obviously be prohibitive.<\/p>\n

To handle the economics, the researchers from The Nature Conservancy produce two estimates\u2014one for a world where a weak price of $10 per ton has been placed on CO2 emissions, and one with a stronger price of $100. That sets the definition of \u201ccost-effective\u201d for conservation efforts.<\/p>\n

Ignoring costs for a moment, they found a whopping theoretical maximum of almost 24 billion tons of CO2 per year through 2030 that could either be prevented from reaching the atmosphere or actively removed from it. At a carbon emissions price of $100 per ton, a little more than 11 billion tons of that maximum is cheap enough to save you money by avoiding some of the tax on net emissions. That\u2019s fully 37 percent of the reductions needed to limit warming to no more than 2\u00b0C\u2014an international goal. (Though after 2030, the contribution would start to drop off as the number of conservation opportunities remaining declines.)<\/p>\n

The low-beef option<\/h2>\n

Half of this 11 billion tons per year of CO2 could be achieved by reducing emissions. That includes things like changes to agricultural practices and slowing the continued losses of forest and wetland area. The other half would be CO2 soaked up by actual expansion of forests or building up carbon in farmland soils, for example. About 40 percent of reforestation would depend on converting land currently used for raising livestock. That could partly be accomplished by increasing livestock density per acre of land, but it also requires average beef consumption to go down. Such a shift would not be massive\u2014only about four percent of grazing land would be converted to forest\u2014but it would mark a change from current trends<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"Major<\/a>
Enlarge<\/a>\/ Major emissions cuts are required to limit global warming to 2 \u00b0C. The green portion of this wedge shows the cuts that could be provided by cost-effective land-use changes assuming a price of $100 per ton of carbon dioxide emissions.Griscom et al\/PNAS<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

In the less ambitious scenario, in which a price of $10 per ton is assessed to CO2 emissions, the CO2 savings falls from 11 billion tons to 4 billion tons per year\u2014still 13 percent of the necessary cuts to stay below 2\u00b0C warming.<\/p>\n

A selling point for these efforts, the researchers write, is that there is no need to wait for a new technology to mature. We don\u2019t need to invent anything to halt deforestation or change some farming practices. We just need to do it. And while these actions don\u2019t add up to 100 percent of what\u2019s needed to limit the magnitude of climate change and its myriad impacts, 13 or 37 percent is a significant portion of comparatively low-hanging fruit.<\/p>\n

Proceedings of the Natural Academy of Sciences<\/em>, 2017. DOI: pnas.1710465114<\/a> (About DOIs<\/a>).<\/p>\n

Let's block ads!<\/a><\/strong> (Why?)<\/a><\/p>\n

Original Article<\/a><\/p>\n

\n
<\/p>\n

Ars Technica<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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