{"id":116920,"date":"2019-03-30T22:40:57","date_gmt":"2019-03-30T22:40:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bnreport.com\/smokings-deadly-stigma-7\/"},"modified":"2019-03-30T22:40:57","modified_gmt":"2019-03-30T22:40:57","slug":"smokings-deadly-stigma-7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bnreport.com\/en\/smokings-deadly-stigma-7\/","title":{"rendered":"Smokings deadly stigma"},"content":{"rendered":"

This article is part of the Global Policy Lab: Decoding Cancer<\/a>. <\/em><\/p>\n

What if I told you I had lung cancer?<\/p>\n

Whats your next question?<\/p>\n

You wanted to ask if I smoke, right?<\/p>\n

For lung cancer patients, that association \u2014 between cigarettes and the worlds top cancer killer \u2014 is deadly.<\/p>\n

The stigma associated with smoking \u2014 the product of well-meaning public health campaigns \u2014 can make patients reluctant to seek care, leading to later diagnoses. It can impact day-to-day treatment, as health care workers blame patients<\/a> for their problems.<\/p>\n

It affects the survival chances even of those who have never held a cigarette to their lips, a growing proportion of lung cancer patients. And it drives away researchers \u2014 and research dollars that might otherwise have worked toward finding new treatments.<\/p>\n

\u201cI dont know why you bother,\u201d Irish lung cancer researcher Anne-Marie Baird remembers being told at a conference. \u201cTheyre all going to die anyway. And its their own fault.'\u201d<\/p>\n

Delayed diagnoses<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Every year, about 1.8 million people die from lung cancer. The disease accounts for more than 18 percent of total cancer fatalities. Even in the worlds richest countries, lung cancer remains a death sentence for the vast majority of those afflicted, with five-year survival rates at just 13 percent in Europe and 16 percent in the U.S.<\/p>\n

It is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men, and in September, the World Health Organization flagged a \u201cworrying rise<\/a>\u201d in lung cancer in women.<\/p>\n

\n

\u201cThis is a cancer thats curable. Lets not forget that. The fact is that we diagnose a lot of the cases too late\u201d \u2014 Ajay Aggarwal, clinical oncologist<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Experts and advocates agree that the best way to fight lung cancer is to convince people to stub out cigarettes. But its also dawning on them that the methods being used to do that add to the suffering of those who hear the message too late \u2014 or who simply dont listen.<\/p>\n

To begin with, the stigma anti-tobacco campaigns have created causes many smokers to delay getting a diagnosis, reducing their chances of survival.<\/p>\n

Patients with a smoking history may \u201cstart having a cough, theyre so anxious and so worried about going to the doctor that they might put it off,\u201d said Baird, a board member of the advocacy group Lung Cancer Europe.<\/p>\n

And when smokers do get things checked out, \u201cthey dont feel that theyre listened to, [they feel] that theyre sort of fobbed off of Well youre a smoker, its a smokers cough,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n

Late diagnosis is the top culprit in lung cancer deaths: By the time the tumor is discovered, it is already advanced or spreading about 65 percent of the time.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis is a cancer thats curable. Lets not forget that,\u201d said Ajay Aggarwal, a clinical oncologist and an honorary senior lecturer at Kings College London.
<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cThe fact is that we diagnose a lot of the cases too late,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

Diverted funding<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Anti-tobacco campaigns have made it less socially acceptable to smoke, and saved lives by doing so, said Martin Seychell, a deputy director general devoted to health in the European Commission, at an event last year in Brussels.<\/p>\n

\u201cBut,\u201d he added, \u201cthe other side of the coin is if were not careful, especially at a time of social constraint \u2026 people might say were wasting our precious money.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cWe have to get the balance right,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

Baird, the Irish researcher, has deeply personal reasons for her interest in lung cancer: It killed both her grandmother and her aunt. Yet she cant forget the person who, upon learning she studies lung cancer, responded: \u201cOh, could you not find something in breast?\u201d<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Anti-tobacco campaigns have made it less socially acceptable to smoke, and saved lives by doing so \u2014 but there needs to be a balance, said Martin Seychell, a deputy director general devoted to health in the European Commission | Daniel Bockwoldt\/DPA<\/p>\n

The numbers tell the story.<\/p>\n

Europe spends nearly \u20ac19 billion a year on lung cancer patients, 15 percent of the total it spends on all cancers. In the U.S., the figure is an estimated $12.1 billion \u2014 around 10 percent.
<\/strong><\/p>\n

And yet only about 5.6 percent of cancer research worldwide was devoted to the lungs as of 2013, according to a 2016 study<\/a> by the Institute of Cancer Policy at Kings College London.
<\/strong><\/p>\n

Instead, breast and colon cancer appear to be the darlings of cancer research funders. Take Cancer Research UK, a British charity that funds research and awareness in the disease. The study found that 20 percent of its research spending went to breast cancer in 2013. Another 13 percent was allocated to colorectal cancer. Just 6 percent to lung cancer.<\/p>\n

Lung cancer is \u201ccompeting with other cancer types for recognition and research funding, and not faring well,\u201d the paper concluded.<\/p>\n

\n

\u201cThe biology [of lung cancer] is extremely complex\u201d \u2014 Andreas Penk, Pfizer Oncologys regional president for developed markets<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Aggarwal, one of the papers lead authors, is nearing completion on a follow-up study to determine where, exactly, the funding disparity is rooted: Is it government, charities, academia that are choosing not to invest, or is industry also eschewing lung cancer?<\/p>\n

Whatever the answer, Aggarwal said, the fact that the choices smokers made boosted their risk is not a defense for shorting lung cancer. \u201cIf you were to accumulate everyones life history and the potential risk factors that theyve been party to, its very hard to make a moral or ethical judgment as far as whos deserving,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

Furthermore, he noted, smokers pay more than the cost of treating lung cancer via taxes levied on packs of cigarettes.<\/p>\n

Complex biology<\/strong><\/h3>\n

The pharmaceutical industry is one place youd expect to put the size of the market over any moral judgment about the origins of the disease.<\/p>\n

And yet even with a powerful profit motive, its not like drugmakers are sitting down and saying: OK, lung cancer is killing the most people, lets cure that next.<\/p>\n

Part of the reason is that lung cancer is hard to target, because it is not a single disease but a host of potential genetic afflictions that respond differently to most treatments.<\/p>\n

Most new oncology drugs target individual gene mutations, so even a major new breakthrough would be unlikely to make a huge dent in the overall numbers.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Pfizer has several lung cancer treatments| Spencer Platt\/Getty Images<\/p>\n

For example, the pharmaceutical giant Pfizer \u2014 which helped bankroll the Kings College study into cancer research \u2014 has several lung cancer treatments. Its latest<\/a>, called Lorbrena, is aimed at a tiny subset of patients who have relapsed after initially responding to another therapy. Just 3 to 5 percent of lung cancer patients have the specific mutation the therapy targets.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe biology [of lung cancer] is extremely complex,\u201d said Andreas Penk, Pfizer Oncologys regional president for developed markets.<\/p>\n

Keytruda, an immunotherapy manufactured by the drugmaker MSD, has been a game-changer for some lung cancer patients. Early signs suggest it could help extend the lives of about a quarter of lung cancer patients.<\/p>\n

But its worth noting that Keytruda was initially approved to treat melanoma. Only when the drugmakers scientists looked at what other tumors Keytruda might work for did they identify lung cancer as a winner.<\/p>\n

\n

As treatments and diagnoses improve, lung cancer becomes less of a sure death sentence and patients are living long enough to advocate for themselves.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u201cWe really do make every effort to let the science lead the development, as opposed to a blanket approach driven by hope,\u201d said Roy Baynes, an executive for R&D at MSD.<\/p>\n

Likewise, Roches Tecentriq was originally approved for bladder cancer before winning U.S. Food and Drug Administration nods<\/a> for two types of lung cancer. Its the first new treatment in two decades for small-cell lung cancer, which causes 15 percent of lung cancer deaths, according to the Swiss drugmaker.<\/p>\n

Where the industry could improve, Pfizers Penk said, is in the hunt for curative treatments. Right now, most of the available drugs extend a patients life, turning lung cancer into a chronic condition.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe need to provide [patients] with progression-free survival as long as we can, and at the same time intensify our research to make sure we find a cure,\u201d Penk said.<\/p>\n

Patient power<\/strong><\/h3>\n

A <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/h5>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This article is part of the Global Policy Lab: Decoding Cancer. <\/p>\n

What if I told you I had lung canc..<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":116921,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-116920","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health"],"yoast_head":"\nSmokings deadly stigma - Business News Report<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This article is part of the Global Policy Lab: Decoding Cancer. 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